|
It acts as ligand for transmembrane receptors, as a modulator of gene activity, and as a direct energy source for
cellular metabolism via B-oxidation. |
|
It induces the production of host defense peptides .These peptides stimulate the development and repair of
the intestinal tract through an increase in cell proliferation. |
|
It increases the absorption of glucose from the intestine. |
|
Butyrate also has been shown to stimulate G-protein-coupled receptors, These peptides have a positive effect
on the development of the immune system and improve the functioning of the immune system in case of a
health challenge. Other peptides have been shown to optimize gut motility, by reducing the rate of feed
passage. In poultry, the emptying of the feed out of the gizzard into the small intestine is slowed down. |
|
Stimulation of digestive enzyme production, enhanced development of intestinal villi, reduction of acute
inflammatory responses, increased GIT retention time, inhibition of cancer cell growth and the secretion of
host defense peptides. Apart from effects in eukaryotic host cells, butyrate is also described to have an impact
on the activity of prokaryotes residing in the animal's GIT. For example, it has been shown to affect the
colonization of Salmonella and Campylobacter and to influence the composition of the gut microbiota. |